====== TeamGroup 128GB microSDXC Class10 UHS-I U3 V30 A1 ====== {{:hardware:sdcard_bench_team_group_128gb_class10_uhs-i_micro_sdxc_001.jpg?100|TeamGroup 128GB microSDXC Class10 UHS-I U3 V30 A1 001}}\\ ===== read_sd_attr.py ===== $ python3 read_sd_attr.py ===== SD and MMC Block Device Attributes Reader Ver 0.02 ===== device: /sys/block/mmcblk0/device ---------------------------------------- cid: 452d4220202020201014a11ed90149a9\n csd: 400e00325b590003ae077f800a400001\n scr: 0245844300000000\n date: 09/2020\n fwrev: 0x0\n hwrev: 0x1\n manfid: 0x000045\n name: \n oemid: 0x2d42\n ('-B') prv: None serial: 0x14a11ed9\n erase_size: 512\n preferred_erase_size: 4194304\n raw_rpmb_size_mult: None rel_sectors: None ocr: 0x00200000\n dsr: 0x404\n cmdq_en: None ---------------------------------------- ===== オーバークロック前 ===== ==== sdbench.sh ==== $ sudo ./sdbench.sh CONFIG: CLOCK : 50.000 MHz CORE : 400 MHz, turbo=0 DATA : 512 MB, /root/test.dat HDPARM: ====== Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 66 MB in 3.02 seconds = 21.86 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 66 MB in 3.07 seconds = 21.47 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 66 MB in 3.08 seconds = 21.45 MB/sec WRITE: ===== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 47.4111 s, 11.3 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 45.7475 s, 11.7 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 45.4855 s, 11.8 MB/s READ: ==== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 23.6137 s, 22.7 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 23.5843 s, 22.8 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 23.2095 s, 23.1 MB/s RESULT (AVG): ============ core_freq turbo sd clock WRITE READ HDPARM 400 0 50.000 MHz 11.08 MB/s 21.82 MB/s 21.59 MB/s ==== microsd-benchmarks.sh ==== $ sudo ./microsd-benchmarks.sh Raspberry Pi Dramble microSD benchmarks microSD clock: 50.000 MHz Running hdparm test... /dev/mmcblk0: Timing buffered disk reads: 68 MB in 3.06 seconds = 22.20 MB/sec Running dd test... 51200+0 レコード入力 51200+0 レコード出力 419430400 bytes (419 MB, 400 MiB) copied, 35.0934 s, 12.0 MB/s Running iozone test... Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.492 $ Compiled for 32 bit mode. Build: linux-arm Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa, Alexey Skidanov, Sudhir Kumar. Run began: Fri Mar 11 14:14:26 2022 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Command line used: ./iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 2101 2477 5555 5553 4720 2329 iozone test complete. microSD card benchmark complete! ===== オーバークロック後 ===== ==== 設定値割り出し ==== ^ core_freq (MHz) ^ dtparam=sd_overclock (MHz) ^ actual clock (MHz) ^ judge ^ benchmark ^ | 532 | 100 (=532/5.320) | 88.667 (=532/5.999) | **OK** | **OK** | | 515 | 100 (=515/5.150) | 85.000 (=515/6.058) | **OK** | **OK** | | 510 | 100 (=510/5.100) | 85.000 (=510/6.000) | **OK** | **OK** | | 500 | 125 (=500/4.000) | 100.000 (=500/5.000) | NG | **OK** | | 500 | 120 (=500/4.166) | 71.429 (=500/6.999) | NG | - | | 500 | 100 (=500/5.000) | 71.429 (=500/5.999) | NG | **OK** | | 480 | 120 (=480/4.000) | 83.333 (=480/5.760) | NG | - | ==== config.txt の設定 (force_turbo=1,dtparam=sd_overclock=100) ==== $ sudo nano /boot/config.txt force_turbo=1 dtparam=sd_overclock=100 $ sudo reboot ==== sdbench.sh ==== $ sudo ./sdbench.sh CONFIG: dtparam=sd_overclock=100 CLOCK : 80.000 MHz CORE : 400 MHz, turbo=1 DATA : 512 MB, /root/test.dat HDPARM: ====== Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 102 MB in 3.01 seconds = 33.88 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 102 MB in 3.01 seconds = 33.84 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 102 MB in 3.02 seconds = 33.77 MB/sec WRITE: ===== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 38.6571 s, 13.9 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 37.812 s, 14.2 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 38.6272 s, 13.9 MB/s READ: ==== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 14.875 s, 36.1 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 14.8874 s, 36.1 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 14.8763 s, 36.1 MB/s RESULT (AVG): ============ core_freq turbo sd clock WRITE READ HDPARM 400 1 80.000 MHz 13.34 MB/s 34.41 MB/s 33.85 MB/s ==== microsd-benchmarks.sh ==== $ sudo ./microsd-benchmarks.sh Raspberry Pi Dramble microSD benchmarks microSD clock: 80.000 MHz Running hdparm test... /dev/mmcblk0: Timing buffered disk reads: 106 MB in 3.04 seconds = 34.83 MB/sec Running dd test... 51200+0 レコード入力 51200+0 レコード出力 419430400 bytes (419 MB, 400 MiB) copied, 29.5035 s, 14.2 MB/s Running iozone test... Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.492 $ Compiled for 32 bit mode. Build: linux-arm Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa, Alexey Skidanov, Sudhir Kumar. Run began: Sun Mar 13 03:09:21 2022 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Command line used: ./iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 2163 2728 6117 6115 5164 2677 iozone test complete. microSD card benchmark complete! ==== config.txt の設定 (force_turbo=1,core_freq=532,sd_overclock=100) ==== $ sudo nano /boot/config.txt #----- Zero OC ----- ##fake_vsync_isr=1 ##framebuffer_swap=0 ##gpu_mem=48 ##init_emmc_clock=100000000 force_turbo=1 ##arm_freq=1150 ##arm_freq=1095 for my other unit with heatsink ##arm_freq=1085 arm_freq=1050 ##gpu_freq=550 for the unit with a heatsink ##gpu_freq=530 gpu_freq=520 ##gpu_freq=300 core_freq=532 over_voltage=3 sdram_freq=533 over_voltage_sdram=1 ##over_voltage_sdram_c=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_i=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_p=8 dtparam=sd_overclock=100 ==== sdbench.sh ==== $ sudo ./sdbench.sh CONFIG: core_freq=532,dtparam=sd_overclock=100 CLOCK : SD Bus: 88.667 MHz, CPU: 1050.110 MHz, CPU Temp: 43.850 ℃, SDRAM: 533 MHz VOLTS : core: 1.4000V, sdram(controller, I/O, physical): 1.2250V, 1.2250V, 1.2250V CORE : 532 MHz(532 MHz), turbo=1 DATA : 512 MB, /root/test.dat HDPARM: ====== Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 114 MB in 3.05 seconds = 37.42 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 112 MB in 3.00 seconds = 37.33 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 110 MB in 3.01 seconds = 36.55 MB/sec WRITE: ===== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 38.5323 s, 13.9 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 37.3526 s, 14.4 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 37.5281 s, 14.3 MB/s READ: ==== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.7391 s, 39.1 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.6126 s, 39.4 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.6679 s, 39.3 MB/s RESULT (AVG): ============ core_freq turbo sd clock WRITE READ HDPARM 532 1 88.667 MHz 13.55 MB/s 37.45 MB/s 37.08 MB/s microSD card benchmark complete! CPU Temp: 50.306 ℃ ==== microsd-benchmarks.sh ==== $ sudo ./microsd-benchmarks.sh Raspberry Pi Dramble microSD benchmarks microSD clock: 88.667 MHz Running hdparm test... /dev/mmcblk0: Timing buffered disk reads: 114 MB in 3.03 seconds = 37.57 MB/sec Running dd test... 51200+0 レコード入力 51200+0 レコード出力 419430400 bytes (419 MB, 400 MiB) copied, 27.402 s, 15.3 MB/s Running iozone test... Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.492 $ Compiled for 32 bit mode. Build: linux-arm Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa, Alexey Skidanov, Sudhir Kumar. Run began: Fri Mar 25 17:15:00 2022 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Command line used: ./iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 2339 2740 6694 6699 5499 2873 iozone test complete. microSD card benchmark complete! ==== config.txt の設定 (force_turbo=1,core_freq=515,sd_overclock=100) ==== $ sudo nano /boot/config.txt #----- Zero OC ----- ##fake_vsync_isr=1 ##framebuffer_swap=0 ##gpu_mem=48 ##init_emmc_clock=100000000 force_turbo=1 ##arm_freq=1150 ##arm_freq=1095 for my other unit with heatsink ##arm_freq=1085 arm_freq=1050 ##gpu_freq=550 for the unit with a heatsink ##gpu_freq=530 gpu_freq=520 ##gpu_freq=300 core_freq=515 over_voltage=2 sdram_freq=533 over_voltage_sdram=1 ##over_voltage_sdram_c=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_i=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_p=8 dtparam=sd_overclock=100 ==== sdbench.sh ==== $ sudo ./sdbench.sh CONFIG: dtparam=sd_overclock=100 CLOCK : 85.833 MHz CORE : 515 MHz, turbo=1 DATA : 512 MB, /root/test.dat HDPARM: ====== Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 108 MB in 3.03 seconds = 35.69 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 108 MB in 3.03 seconds = 35.68 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 108 MB in 3.03 seconds = 35.69 MB/sec WRITE: ===== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 36.1898 s, 14.8 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 35.5582 s, 15.1 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 35.166 s, 15.3 MB/s READ: ==== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.9071 s, 38.6 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.9155 s, 38.6 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.909 s, 38.6 MB/s RESULT (AVG): ============ core_freq turbo sd clock WRITE READ HDPARM 515 1 85.833 MHz 14.37 MB/s 36.81 MB/s 35.64 MB/s ==== microsd-benchmarks.sh ==== $ sudo ./microsd-benchmarks.sh Raspberry Pi Dramble microSD benchmarks microSD clock: 85.833 MHz Running hdparm test... /dev/mmcblk0: Timing buffered disk reads: 112 MB in 3.00 seconds = 37.28 MB/sec Running dd test... 51200+0 レコード入力 51200+0 レコード出力 419430400 bytes (419 MB, 400 MiB) copied, 27.5716 s, 15.2 MB/s Running iozone test... Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.492 $ Compiled for 32 bit mode. Build: linux-arm Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa, Alexey Skidanov, Sudhir Kumar. Run began: Sun Mar 13 03:51:29 2022 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Command line used: ./iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 2310 2870 6401 6407 5394 2825 iozone test complete. microSD card benchmark complete! ==== config.txt の設定 (force_turbo=1,core_freq=510,sd_overclock=100) ==== $ sudo nano /boot/config.txt #----- Zero OC ----- ##fake_vsync_isr=1 ##framebuffer_swap=0 ##gpu_mem=48 ##init_emmc_clock=100000000 force_turbo=1 ##arm_freq=1150 ##arm_freq=1095 for my other unit with heatsink ##arm_freq=1085 arm_freq=1050 ##gpu_freq=550 for the unit with a heatsink ##gpu_freq=530 gpu_freq=520 ##gpu_freq=300 core_freq=510 over_voltage=2 sdram_freq=533 over_voltage_sdram=1 ##over_voltage_sdram_c=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_i=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_p=8 dtparam=sd_overclock=100 ==== sdbench.sh ==== $ sudo ./sdbench.sh CONFIG: core_freq=510,dtparam=sd_overclock=100 CLOCK : SD Bus: 85.000 MHz, CPU: 1050.110 MHz, CPU Temp: 42.774 ℃, SDRAM: 533 MHz VOLTS : core: 1.4000V, sdram(controller, I/O, physical): 1.2250V, 1.2250V, 1.2250V CORE : 510 MHz(510 MHz), turbo=1 DATA : 512 MB, /root/test.dat HDPARM: ====== Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 108 MB in 3.03 seconds = 35.66 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 108 MB in 3.04 seconds = 35.58 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 108 MB in 3.03 seconds = 35.65 MB/sec WRITE: ===== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 37.2302 s, 14.4 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 37.2802 s, 14.4 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 38.8198 s, 13.8 MB/s READ: ==== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 14.3526 s, 37.4 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.9952 s, 38.4 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 13.9877 s, 38.4 MB/s RESULT (AVG): ============ core_freq turbo sd clock WRITE READ HDPARM 510 1 85.000 MHz 13.56 MB/s 36.28 MB/s 35.60 MB/s microSD card benchmark complete! CPU Temp: 48.154 ℃ ==== microsd-benchmarks.sh ==== $ sudo ./microsd-benchmarks.sh Raspberry Pi Dramble microSD benchmarks microSD clock: 85.000 MHz Running hdparm test... /dev/mmcblk0: Timing buffered disk reads: 112 MB in 3.05 seconds = 36.75 MB/sec Running dd test... 51200+0 レコード入力 51200+0 レコード出力 419430400 bytes (419 MB, 400 MiB) copied, 27.5677 s, 15.2 MB/s Running iozone test... Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.492 $ Compiled for 32 bit mode. Build: linux-arm Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa, Alexey Skidanov, Sudhir Kumar. Run began: Fri Mar 25 15:55:12 2022 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Command line used: ./iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 2322 2910 6650 6649 5524 2885 iozone test complete. microSD card benchmark complete! ==== config.txt の設定 (force_turbo=1,core_freq=500,sd_overclock=100) ==== $ sudo nano /boot/config.txt #----- Zero OC ----- ##fake_vsync_isr=1 ##framebuffer_swap=0 ##gpu_mem=48 ##init_emmc_clock=100000000 force_turbo=1 ##arm_freq=1150 ##arm_freq=1095 for my other unit with heatsink ##arm_freq=1085 arm_freq=1050 ##gpu_freq=550 for the unit with a heatsink ##gpu_freq=530 gpu_freq=520 ##gpu_freq=300 core_freq=500 over_voltage=2 sdram_freq=533 over_voltage_sdram=1 ##over_voltage_sdram_c=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_i=7 ##over_voltage_sdram_p=8 dtparam=sd_overclock=100 ==== sdbench.sh ==== $ sudo ./sdbench.sh CONFIG: core_freq=500,dtparam=sd_overclock=100 CLOCK : SD Bus: 71.429 MHz, CPU: 1050.110 MHz, CPU Temp: 40.622 ℃, SDRAM: 533 MHz VOLTS : core: 1.4000V, sdram(controller, I/O, physical): 1.2250V, 1.2250V, 1.2250V CORE : 500 MHz(500 MHz), turbo=1 DATA : 512 MB, /root/test.dat HDPARM: ====== Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 92 MB in 3.00 seconds = 30.62 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 92 MB in 3.01 seconds = 30.53 MB/sec Timing O_DIRECT disk reads: 92 MB in 3.02 seconds = 30.49 MB/sec WRITE: ===== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 41.0772 s, 13.1 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 38.1607 s, 14.1 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 40.9322 s, 13.1 MB/s READ: ==== 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 16.6283 s, 32.3 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 16.9448 s, 31.7 MB/s 536870912 bytes (537 MB, 512 MiB) copied, 16.3506 s, 32.8 MB/s RESULT (AVG): ============ core_freq turbo sd clock WRITE READ HDPARM 500 1 71.429 MHz 12.80 MB/s 30.77 MB/s 30.56 MB/s microSD card benchmark complete! CPU Temp: 47.616 ℃ ==== microsd-benchmarks.sh ==== $ sudo ./microsd-benchmarks.sh Raspberry Pi Dramble microSD benchmarks microSD clock: 71.429 MHz Running hdparm test... /dev/mmcblk0: Timing buffered disk reads: 96 MB in 3.05 seconds = 31.43 MB/sec Running dd test... 51200+0 レコード入力 51200+0 レコード出力 419430400 bytes (419 MB, 400 MiB) copied, 28.3098 s, 14.8 MB/s Running iozone test... Iozone: Performance Test of File I/O Version $Revision: 3.492 $ Compiled for 32 bit mode. Build: linux-arm Contributors:William Norcott, Don Capps, Isom Crawford, Kirby Collins Al Slater, Scott Rhine, Mike Wisner, Ken Goss Steve Landherr, Brad Smith, Mark Kelly, Dr. Alain CYR, Randy Dunlap, Mark Montague, Dan Million, Gavin Brebner, Jean-Marc Zucconi, Jeff Blomberg, Benny Halevy, Dave Boone, Erik Habbinga, Kris Strecker, Walter Wong, Joshua Root, Fabrice Bacchella, Zhenghua Xue, Qin Li, Darren Sawyer, Vangel Bojaxhi, Ben England, Vikentsi Lapa, Alexey Skidanov, Sudhir Kumar. Run began: Fri Mar 25 15:12:18 2022 Include fsync in write timing O_DIRECT feature enabled Auto Mode File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 4 kB Command line used: ./iozone -e -I -a -s 100M -r 4k -i 0 -i 1 -i 2 Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 4 2299 2873 6374 6375 5340 2844 iozone test complete. microSD card benchmark complete!