linux:commands:network:wireless [ともやん・どっと・ねっと]

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====== WiFi - 無線LAN ======

===== wireless-tools (各 Linux ディストリビューションとも廃止予定) =====
**iwconfig**, **iwlist**... コマンドのインストール。\\
**Fedora 〜35** (Fedora 36 で wireless-tools は廃止されました😢)\\
<WRAP color_term>
<WRAP color_command><code>
$ sudo dnf install wireless-tools
</code></WRAP>
</WRAP>
**Fedora 36〜** (廃止されても無理やり使ってみませんか❓🤤)\\
<WRAP color_term>
<WRAP color_command><code>
$ sudo dnf install https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org/packages/wireless-tools/29/28.fc35/x86_64/wireless-tools-29-28.fc35.x86_64.rpm
</code></WRAP>
<WRAP color_result><html><pre>
メタデータの期限切れの最終確認: 1:35:00 時間前の 2022年08月28日 20時35分47秒 に実施しました。
wireless-tools-29-28.fc35.x86_64.rpm                                           41 kB/s | 108 kB     00:02    
依存関係が解決しました。
==============================================================================================================
 パッケージ                  アーキテクチャー    バージョン                   リポジトリー              サイズ
==============================================================================================================
インストール:
 <b class=GRN>wireless-tools</b>              x86_64              1:29-28.fc35                 @commandline              108 k

トランザクションの概要
==============================================================================================================
インストール  1 パッケージ

合計サイズ: 108 k
インストール後のサイズ: 275 k
これでよろしいですか? [y/N]: y
パッケージのダウンロード:
トランザクションの確認を実行中
トランザクションの確認に成功しました。
トランザクションのテストを実行中
トランザクションのテストに成功しました。
トランザクションを実行中
  準備             :                                                                                      1/1 
  インストール中   : wireless-tools-1:29-28.fc35.x86_64                                                   1/1 
  scriptletの実行中: wireless-tools-1:29-28.fc35.x86_64                                                   1/1 
  検証             : wireless-tools-1:29-28.fc35.x86_64                                                   1/1 

インストール済み:
  wireless-tools-1:29-28.fc35.x86_64                                                                          

完了しました!
</pre></html></WRAP>
</WRAP>

**DietPi**\\
<WRAP color_term>
<WRAP color_command><html><pre>
$ sudo apt install wireless-tools
</pre></html></WRAP>
</WRAP>
※ <html><code style="font-size: inherit; font-weight: bold;">iwconfig, iwlist, iwspy, iwpriv, ifrename, iwevent, iwgetid</code></html> コマンドがインストールされる。\\
[[https://hewlettpackard.github.io/wireless-tools/Tools.html|Wireless Tools for Linux]]\\

===== WiFi 情報取得 =====
<WRAP prewrap 100%>
WiFi のデバイス名 <html><code>wlp2s0</code></html> を調べる
<WRAP color_term>
<WRAP color_command><html><pre>
$ nmcli dev
</pre></html></WRAP>
<WRAP color_result><html><pre>
DEVICE  TYPE      STATE     CONNECTION      
wlp2s0  wifi      接続済み  TomoyanWRT-dw5G 
enp3s0  ethernet  利用不可  --              
lo      loopback  管理無し  --       
</pre></html></WRAP>
</WRAP>

近隣 WiFi の使用 Channel などを調べたいとき😉\\
**iw コマンド版🤤** - <wrap em>基本的には iw コマンドを推奨！</wrap>\\
<WRAP color_term>
<WRAP color_command><html><pre>
$ sudo iw dev wlp2s0 scan | egrep '^BSS |(signal|last seen|freq|SSID|DS Parameter set|primary channel|Country|Manufacturer|Model|Serial|(Group|Pairwise) ciphers?|Authentication):'
</pre></html></WRAP>
<WRAP color_result_long><html><pre>
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 94:83:c4:e0:e6:12(on wlp2s0) -- associated
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 5260
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -41.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 95 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> TomoyanWRT-dw5G
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 52
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 94:83:c4:e0:e6:11(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2412
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -43.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4695 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> TomoyanWRT-dw24G
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 1
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 1
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 94:83:c4:1c:29:51(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2437
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -24.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4464 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> TomoyanWRT-ow24G
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 6
	<b class=RED>Country:</b> JP	Environment: Indoor/Outdoor
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 34:76:c5:db:f2:74(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2412
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -83.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4682 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> IODATA-dbf274-2G
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 1
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 1
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
	<b class=RED>Country:</b> JP	Environment: Indoor/Outdoor
		 * <b class=RED>Manufacturer:</b> Ralink Technology, Corp.
		 * <b class=RED>Model:</b> Ralink Wireless Access Point
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 98:f1:99:52:b2:02(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2422
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -74.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4624 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> aterm-4e8a6a-g
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 3
	<b class=RED>Country:</b> JP	Environment: Indoor/Outdoor
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 3
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 00:24:a5:d8:e7:d6(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2412
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -82.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4678 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> 0024A5D8E7D6
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 1
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 1
		 * <b class=RED>Manufacturer:</b> -
		 * <b class=RED>Model:</b> WZR-HP-G301NH
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 02:24:a5:d8:e7:d6(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2412
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -84.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4664 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> 0024A5D8E7D6-1
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 1
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 1
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 34:3d:c4:43:07:00(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2462
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -85.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4248 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> 2.4G-070E
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 11
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 11
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> TKIP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP TKIP
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 36:3d:c4:43:07:02(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 2462
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -84.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 4247 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> Buffalo-G-070E_2
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 11
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 94:83:c4:1c:29:56(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 5180
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -82.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 3779 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> TomoyanWRT-ow5G
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 36
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
<b class=RED>BSS</b> 98:f1:99:52:b2:03(on wlp2s0)
	<b class=RED>freq:</b> 5180
	<b class=RED>signal:</b> -84.00 dBm
	<b class=RED>last seen:</b> 3777 ms ago
	<b class=RED>SSID:</b> aterm-4e8a6a-a
	<b class=RED>DS Parameter set:</b> channel 36
	<b class=RED>Country:</b> JP	Environment: Indoor/Outdoor
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>primary channel:</b> 36
		 * <b class=RED>Group cipher:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Pairwise ciphers:</b> CCMP
		 * <b class=RED>Manufacturer:</b> NEC Platforms, Ltd.
		 * <b class=RED>Model:</b> 
</pre></html></WRAP>
</WRAP>

**iwlist コマンド版🤤**\\
<WRAP color_term>
<WRAP color_command><html><pre>
$ sudo iwlist wlp2s0 scanning | egrep 'Cell |(Address|Channel|Frequency|Quality|Signal level|Encryption|Last beacon|ESSID):?'
</pre></html></WRAP>
<WRAP color_result_long><html><pre>
          <b class=RED>Cell</b> 01 - <b class=RED>Address:</b> 94:83:C4:E0:E6:12
                    <b class=RED>Channel:</b>52
                    <b class=RED>Frequency:</b>5.26 GHz (<b class=RED>Channel</b> 52)
                    <b class=RED>Quality</b>=70/70  Signal level=-36 dBm  
                    <b class=RED>Encryption</b> key:on
                    <b class=RED>ESSID:</b>"TomoyanWRT-dw5G"
                    Extra: <b class=RED>Last beacon:</b> 157ms ago
          <b class=RED>Cell</b> 02 - <b class=RED>Address:</b> 94:83:C4:E0:E6:11
                    <b class=RED>Channel</b>:1
                    <b class=RED>Frequency:</b>2.412 GHz (<b class=RED>Channel</b> 1)
                    <b class=RED>Quality</b>=70/70  Signal level=-33 dBm  
                    <b class=RED>Encryption</b> key:on
                    <b class=RED>ESSID:</b>"TomoyanWRT-dw24G"
                    Extra: <b class=RED>Last beacon:</b> 4716ms ago
          <b class=RED>Cell</b> 03 - <b class=RED>Address:</b> 94:83:C4:1C:29:56
                    <b class=RED>Channel</b>:36
                    <b class=RED>Frequency:</b>5.18 GHz (<b class=RED>Channel</b> 36)
                    <b class=RED>Quality</b>=26/70  Signal level=-84 dBm  
                    <b class=RED>Encryption</b> key:on
                    <b class=RED>ESSID:</b>"TomoyanWRT-ow5G"
                    Extra: <b class=RED>Last beacon:</b> 3795ms ago
          <b class=RED>Cell</b> 04 - <b class=RED>Address:</b> 98:F1:99:F2:B2:03
                    <b class=RED>Channel</b>:36
                    <b class=RED>Frequency:</b>5.18 GHz (<b class=RED>Channel</b> 36)
                    <b class=RED>Quality</b>=25/70  Signal level=-85 dBm  
                    <b class=RED>Encryption</b> key:on
                    <b class=RED>ESSID:</b>"aterm-4e8a6a-a"
                    Extra: <b class=RED>Last beacon:</b> 3793ms ago
          <b class=RED>Cell</b> 05 - <b class=RED>Address:</b> 94:83:C4:F0:7B:01
                    <b class=RED>Channel:</b>11
                    <b class=RED>Frequency:</b>2.462 GHz (<b class=RED>Channel</b> 11)
                    <b class=RED>Quality</b>=70/70  Signal level=-29 dBm  
                    <b class=RED>Encryption</b> key:on
                    <b class=RED>ESSID:</b>"OrangeWRT-ow24G"
                    Extra: <b class=RED>Last beacon:</b> 4302ms ago
</pre></html></WRAP>
</WRAP>

</WRAP>

===== 参考文献 =====
[[wwjp>Iw_(Linux)|iw (Linux) - Wikipedia]]\\
[[https://askubuntu.com/questions/75625/how-do-i-scan-for-wireless-access-points|How do I scan for Wireless Access Points? - Ask Ubuntu]]\\
[[https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/45338/iwlist-interface-doesnt-support-scanning-ubuntu-lts-10-04|'iwlist' -> interface doesn't support scanning (Ubuntu LTS 10.04)]]\\
[[https://blog.1q77.com/2012/12/tool-for-enabling-and-disabling-wireless-devices/|Linux Mint で無線LANが無効から戻らない | 1Q77]]\\
[[https://superuser.com/questions/1527974/why-does-iw-wlan0-scan-results-in-errors-network-is-down-100-or-device-o|linux - why does "iw wlan0 scan" results in errors "Network is down (-100)" or "device or resource busy (-16)" - Super User]]\\
[[https://flying-foozy.hatenablog.com/entry/20110208/1297165646|]]\\
[[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/RemoveWirelessExtensions|Changes/RemoveWirelessExtensions - Fedora Project Wiki]]\\
[[https://pagure.io/fedora-docs/release-notes/issue/774|Issue #774: F36 Change: Remove Wire Extensions Support - release-notes - Pagure.io]]\\

[[https://gihyo.jp/admin/serial/01/ubuntu-recipe/0371|第371回　無線LANの電波環境を視覚化・改善しよう | gihyo.jp]]\\
[[https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/RemoveWirelessExtensions|Changes/RemoveWirelessExtensions - Fedora Project Wiki]]\\
[[https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/wireless-tools|Overview - rpms/wireless-tools - src.fedoraproject.org]]\\
[[https://koji.fedoraproject.org/koji/buildinfo?buildID=1805057|wireless-tools-29-28.fc35 | Build Info | koji]]\\

==== 付録 ====
[[tw>tomoyan596sp/status/1563709780275130370|\$ sudo dnf install wireless-tools...🤔$ dnf search wireless-tools...😳一致する項目ありません😱wireless-tools の ifrename, iwconfig, iwevent, iwgetid, iwlist, iwpriv, iwspy は Fedora 36 で廃止されました 😭iw / ip コマンド, libnl ライブラリ使ってね🤤]]\\